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Monitoring and Evaluation Monitoring and evaluation are part of a same system, commonly referred to as the M&E system. Although serving different purposes, monitoring and evaluation are complementary assessments involving data collection, performance assessment, reporting and learning.
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Key features and differences between monitoring and evaluation.
| Monitoring | Result-Oriented Monitoring (ROM) | Evaluation |
What | Daily management activity (piloting the operation) | Ad hoc review of intervention’s performance carried out according to a standard methodology | Analysis for in-depth assessment |
Who | Internal management responsibility – all levels (EC and implementing partner) | Always incorporates external inputs/resources (objectivity) | Usually incorporates external inputs/resources (objectivity) |
When | Ongoing | Periodic – on demand or if intervention is facing problems | Ex ante, periodic (midterm, final), ex post |
Why | Check progress, take remedial action, update plans | Check progress, take remedial action, provide input to follow-up actions | Learn broad lessons applicable to other interventions, policy review etc. |
Focus | Inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes | Relevance, design and monitoring system, efficiency, effectiveness, sustainability, coordination, EU added value, cross-cutting issues and communication & visibility | Rationale, relevance, outcomes, impact, sustainability, coherence, EU added value and other criteria as relevant |
The interventions’ internal monitoring systems are first shaped at the design stage based on the context analysis, the needs and aspirations of the beneficiaries of the interventions and the results prioritised in relevant programming documents (i.e. MIPs, NIPs and RIPs where the strategic overall and specific objectives are already defined). By design, each intervention contributes to the broader strategic objectives and the internal monitoring systems of the interventions should also measure these contributions using relevant indicators.
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