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Data
...
extracted
...
in
...
October
...
2020
Fiche
...
created
...
in
...
November
...
2023
Note
...
to
...
the
...
reader:
...
This
...
general
...
fiche
...
summarises
...
all
...
the
...
environmental
...
and
...
climate
...
impacts
...
of
...
ENHANCED
...
EFFICIENCY
...
FERTILISERS
...
found
...
in
...
a
...
review
...
of
...
26
...
synthesis
...
papers[1].
...
These
...
papers
...
were
...
selected
...
from
...
an
...
initial
...
number
...
of
...
59
...
obtained
...
through
...
a
...
systematic
...
literature
...
search
...
strategy,
...
according
...
to
...
the
...
inclusion
...
criteria
...
reported
...
in
...
section
...
4.
...
The
...
impacts
...
reported
...
here
...
are
...
those
...
for
...
which
...
there
...
is
...
scientific
...
evidence
...
available
...
in
...
published
...
synthesis
...
papers,
...
what
...
does
...
not
...
preclude
...
the
...
farming
...
practice
...
to
...
have
...
other
...
impacts
...
on
...
the
...
environment
...
and
...
climate
...
still
...
not
...
covered
...
by
...
primary
...
studies
...
or
...
by
...
synthesis
...
papers.
The
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
review
...
a
...
number
...
of
...
primary
...
studies
...
ranging
...
from
...
10
...
to
...
376.
...
Therefore,
...
the
...
assessment
...
of
...
impacts
...
relies
...
on
...
a
...
large
...
number
...
of
...
results
...
from
...
the
...
primary
...
studies,
...
obtained
...
mainly
...
in
...
field
...
conditions,
...
or
...
sometimes
...
in
...
lab
...
experiments
...
or
...
from
...
model
...
simulations.
1.
...
DESCRIPTION
...
OF
...
THE
...
FARMING
...
PRACTICE
- Description:
- Enhanced-Efficiency Fertilisers (EEFs) correspond to different types of fertilisers or products associated to fertilisers, which have been developed to better synchronize fertiliser N release with crop uptake, offering the potential for enhanced N-use efficiency (NUE) in crops and reduced losses (Li et al., 2017).[2]
- There are four main types of EEFs:
- Some EEFs are designed to release nutrients by diffusion through semipermeable polymer-membrane coatings, in a controlled manner. Thus, nutrient release is better matched with crop demands and the availability of the fertiliser-derived N to nitrifiers and denitrifiers is limited. These products are called controlled-release fertilisers (CRF) and include coated or encapsulated fertilisers with inorganic or organic materials (Thapa et al., 2016).[3]
- Some other types of EEFs can be coupled to nitrogen fertilisers (both organic and mineral, excluding nitrate-containing mineral fertilisers) to delay the hydrolysis of urea into NH4+ by blocking the urease enzyme binding sites. These products are defined as urease inhibitors (UI) (Trenkel et al., 2010).[4]
- Nitrification inhibitors are substances that, coupled to fertilizers, delay the bacterial oxidation of NH4+ (ammonium) to NO2− (nitrite) for a certain period by suppressing the activity of Nitrosomonas spp. (nitritation, step one of nitrification), and therefore the formation of NO3- (nitrate). In this way, mineral nitrogen (N) is retained as ammonium, which is less prone to leaching than nitrate, and which cannot be lost to the atmosphere by denitrification. Therefore, nitrification inhibitors are combined with fertilizers in order to increase fertilizer use efficiency (Chaves et al., 2006).[5]
- The combined application of UI with nitrification inhibitors (NI) is referred to as double inhibitors (DI). DI are designed to increase crop NH4+ availability not only by delaying urea hydrolysis but also by prolonging NH4+ retention in soil, through inhibition of microbial nitrification (Thapa et al., 2016).[6]
- Key descriptors:
- All the four types of enhanced efficiency fertilisers were included in this fiche.
- All the four types of enhanced efficiency fertilisers were included in this fiche.
2.
...
EFFECTS
...
OF
...
THE
...
FARMING
...
PRACTICE
...
ON
...
CLIMATE
...
AND
...
ENVIRONMENTAL
...
IMPACTS
We
...
reviewed
...
the
...
impact
...
of
...
EEFs,
...
including
...
control-release
...
fertilisers,
...
fertilisers
...
amended
...
with
...
urease
...
inhibitors,
...
fertilisers
...
amended
...
with
...
nitrification
...
inhibitors
...
and
...
fertilisers
...
amended
...
with
...
double
...
inhibitors
...
compared
...
to
...
conventional
...
fertilisers
...
(Table
...
1).
The
...
table
...
below
...
shows
...
the
...
number
...
of
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
with
...
statistical
...
tests
...
reporting
...
i)
...
a
...
significant
...
difference
...
between
...
the
...
Intervention
...
and
...
the
...
Comparator,
...
that
...
is
...
to
...
say,
...
a
...
significant
...
statistical
...
effect,
...
which
...
can
...
be
...
positive
...
or
...
negative;
...
or
...
ii)
...
a
...
non-statistically
...
significant
...
difference
...
between
...
the
...
Intervention
...
and
...
the
...
Comparator.
...
In
...
addition,
...
we
...
include,
...
if
...
any,
...
the
...
number
...
of
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
reporting
...
relevant
...
results
...
but
...
without
...
statistical
...
test
...
of
...
the
...
effects.
...
Details
...
on
...
the
...
quality
...
assessment
...
of
...
the
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
can
...
be
...
found
...
in
...
the
...
methodology
...
section
...
of
...
this
...
WIKI.
Out
...
of
...
the
...
26
...
selected
...
synthesis
...
papers,
...
12
...
included
...
studies
...
conducted
...
in
...
Europe,
...
and
...
20
...
have
...
a
...
quality
...
score
...
higher
...
than
...
50%.
...
Table
...
1:
...
Summary
...
of
...
effects.
...
Number
...
of
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
reporting
...
positive,
...
negative
...
or
...
non-statistically
...
significant
...
effects
...
on
...
environmental
...
and
...
climate
...
impacts.
...
The
...
number
...
of
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
reporting
...
relevant
...
results
...
but
...
without
...
statistical
...
test
...
of
...
the
...
effects
...
are
...
also
...
provided.
...
When
...
not
...
all
...
the
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
reporting
...
an
...
effect
...
are
...
of
...
high
...
quality,
...
the
...
number
...
of
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
with
...
a
...
quality
...
score
...
of
...
at
...
least
...
50%
...
is
...
indicated
...
in
...
parentheses.
...
Some
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
may
...
report
...
effects
...
for
...
more
...
than
...
one
...
impact,
...
or
...
more
...
than
...
one
...
effect
...
for
...
the
...
same
...
impact.
|
|
|
| Statistically | ||
tested | Non-statistically | ||
tested | ||||
Impact | Metric | Intervention | Comparator | Significantly |
positive | Significantly |
negative | Non-significant |
Decrease |
Air |
pollutants |
emissions | NH3 |
emission | Controlled-release |
fertilisers | Conventional |
fertilisation | 6 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
(0) |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
double |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 0 | 5 | 1 | 1 |
(0) |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
urease |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
(0) |
NO |
emission | Controlled-release |
fertilisers | Conventional |
fertilisation | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Decrease |
GHG |
emissions | CH4 |
emission | Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
CH4 |
uptake* | Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
N2O |
emission | Controlled-release |
fertilisers | Conventional |
fertilisation | 6 | 0 | 3 | 1 |
(0) |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
double |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 9 |
(8) | 0 | 0 | 1 |
(0) |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
urease |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 2 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
Increase |
Grassland |
production | Grassland |
production | Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Decrease |
Nutrient |
leaching |
and |
run-off | N |
leaching/run-off | Controlled-release |
fertilisers | Conventional |
fertilisation | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
double |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
urease |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Increase |
Plant |
nutrient |
uptake | Nutrient |
uptake | Controlled-release |
fertilisers | Conventional |
fertilisation | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
urease |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Nutrient |
use |
efficiency | Controlled-release |
fertilisers | Conventional |
fertilisation | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
double |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
urease |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 4 |
(3) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Increase |
Soil |
nutrients | Soil |
content |
of |
fertiliser-derived |
N |
forms | Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
double |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
urease |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Increase |
Crop |
yield | Crop |
yield | Controlled-release |
fertilisers | Conventional |
fertilisation | 4 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
double |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 2 |
(1) | 0 | 2 |
(1) | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
nitrification |
inhibitor | Conventional |
fertilisation | 6 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
Fertiliser |
amended |
with |
urease |
inhibitors | Conventional |
fertilisation | 4 |
(3) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
*Increase | |||||||
CH4 |
uptake |
is |
considered |
as |
a |
positive |
result. |
3.
...
FACTORS
...
INFLUENCING
...
THE
...
EFFECTS
...
ON
...
CLIMATE
...
AND
...
ENVIRONMENTAL
...
IMPACTS
The
...
factors
...
significantly
...
influencing
...
the
...
size
...
and/or
...
direction
...
of
...
the
...
effects
...
on
...
the
...
impacts,
...
according
...
to
...
the
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
included
...
in
...
this
...
review,
...
are
...
reported
...
below.
...
Details
...
about
...
the
...
factors
...
can
...
be
...
found
...
in
...
the
...
summaries
...
of
...
the
...
meta-analyses
...
available
...
in
...
this
...
WIKI.
Table
...
2:
...
List
...
of
...
factors
...
reported
...
to
...
significantly
...
affect
...
the
...
size
...
and/or
...
direction
...
of
...
the
...
effects
...
on
...
environmental
...
and
...
climate
...
impacts,
...
according
...
to
...
the
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
reviewed.
...
The
...
reference
...
number
...
of
...
the
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
where
...
those
...
factors
...
are
...
explored
...
is
...
given
...
in
...
parentheses.
Impact | Factors |
Air |
pollutants |
emissions | Baseline |
emission |
(Ref26), |
CRF |
type |
(Ref18), |
Crop |
type |
(Ref4, |
Ref4, |
Ref10, |
Ref13), |
Fertiliser |
rate |
(Ref12, |
Ref13), |
Fertilizer |
type |
(Ref10), |
NH3 |
baseline |
emission |
(Ref10), |
NI |
type |
(Ref10, |
Ref13, |
Ref18, |
Ref21, |
Ref26), |
SOC |
(Ref13), |
Soil |
pH |
(Ref13), |
Soil |
texture |
and |
pH |
(Ref10), |
Soil |
TN |
(Ref13) |
and |
UI |
type |
(Ref10, |
Ref18) |
GHG |
emissions | Aridity |
(Ref15), |
Aridity/soil |
moisture |
(Ref9), |
Crop |
type |
(Ref10, |
Ref13, |
Ref16, |
Ref19), |
Fertiliser |
timing |
application |
(Ref19), |
Fertiliser |
type |
(Ref16), |
Fertilizer |
placement |
(Ref19), |
Irrigation |
(Ref15), |
Land |
use |
(Ref26), |
N |
application |
characteristics |
(Ref15), |
NI |
type |
(Ref13, |
Ref19, |
Ref21), |
SOC |
content |
(Ref10), |
Soil |
characteristics |
(Ref15), |
Soil |
pH |
(Ref5, |
Ref10, |
Ref13, |
Ref19), |
Soil |
texture |
(Ref10), |
Soil |
texture |
and |
pH |
(Ref16), |
Soil |
type |
(Ref26), |
Temperature |
(Ref10), |
Tillage |
(Ref15), |
UI |
type |
(Ref26) |
and |
Water |
management |
(Ref19) |
Grassland |
production | Soil |
texture |
(Ref21) |
Nutrient |
leaching |
and |
run-off | Crop |
type |
(Ref10, |
Ref21), |
Fertiliser |
rate |
(Ref13, |
Ref20), |
Fertiliser |
type |
(Ref21), |
NI |
type |
(Ref20, |
Ref21), |
SOC |
(Ref13), |
Soil |
texture |
(Ref21) |
and |
Soil |
TN |
(Ref13) |
Plant |
nutrient |
uptake | Crop |
type |
(Ref3, |
Ref10, |
Ref21), |
Fertiliser |
rate |
(Ref3, |
Ref13), |
Fertiliser |
type |
(Ref3), |
Fertilizer |
type |
(Ref10), |
NI |
type |
(Ref3, |
Ref10, |
Ref13, |
Ref21), |
Rainfall |
(Ref10), |
SOC |
(Ref13), |
Soil |
characteristics |
(Ref10), |
Soil |
N |
content |
(Ref13), |
Soil |
pH |
(Ref13), |
Soil |
texture |
(Ref3), |
SOM |
content |
(Ref3), |
Temperature |
(Ref10) |
and |
Water |
magement |
(Ref10) |
Soil |
nutrients | Application |
timing |
(Ref3), |
Ecosystem |
type |
(Ref3), |
Fertiliser |
rate |
(Ref3), |
NI |
type |
(Ref3), |
Soil |
texture |
and |
pH |
(Ref3) |
and |
UI |
type |
(Ref3) |
Crop |
yield | Aridity/soil |
moisture |
(Ref9), |
Crop |
type |
(Ref10, |
Ref13, |
Ref19, |
Ref21), |
EEF |
type |
(Ref10, |
Ref13), |
Fertiliser |
rate |
(Ref7, |
Ref13), |
NI |
type |
(Ref19, |
Ref21), |
Rainfall |
(Ref10), |
SOC |
(Ref13), |
SOC |
content |
(Ref10), |
Soil |
pH |
(Ref10), |
Soil |
texture |
(Ref10, |
Ref12, |
Ref21), |
Soil |
TN |
(Ref13) |
and |
Temperature |
(Ref10) |
4.
...
SYSTEMATIC
...
REVIEW
...
SEARCH
...
STRATEGY
Table 3:
...
Systematic
...
review
...
search
...
strategy
...
-
...
methodology
...
and
...
search
...
parameters.
Parameter | Details |
Keywords | WOS: |
|
TOPIC: |
("nitr* |
inhibit*" |
OR |
"controlled-release |
fert*" |
OR |
"urease |
inhibit*" |
OR |
"enhanced-efficiency |
fert*") |
AND |
TOPIC: |
("meta-analy*" |
OR |
"systematic* |
review*" |
OR |
"evidence |
map" |
OR |
"global |
synthesis" |
OR |
"evidence |
synthesis" |
OR |
"research |
synthesis") |
|
TOPIC: |
("slow-release |
fert*" |
OR |
"slow |
release |
fert*" |
OR |
"controlled |
release |
fert*" |
OR |
"controlled-release |
fert*" |
OR |
"enhanced-efficiency |
fert*" |
OR |
"enhanced |
efficiency |
fert*" |
OR |
"improved-efficiency |
fert*" |
OR |
"improved |
efficiency |
fert*" |
OR |
"organic-mineral |
fert*") |
AND |
TOPIC: |
("meta-analy*" |
OR |
"systematic* |
review*" |
OR |
"evidence |
map" |
OR |
"global |
synthesis" |
OR |
"evidence |
synthesis" |
OR |
"research |
synthesis") |
|
|
TITLE-ABS-KEY: |
("nitr* |
inhibit*" |
OR |
"controlled-release |
fert*" |
OR |
"urease |
inhibit*" |
OR |
"enhanced-efficiency |
fert*") |
AND |
TOPIC: |
("meta-analy*" |
OR |
"systematic* |
review*" |
OR |
"evidence |
map" |
OR |
"global |
synthesis" |
OR |
"evidence |
synthesis" |
OR |
"research |
synthesis") |
|
TITLE-ABS-KEY |
(("slow-release |
fert*" |
OR |
"slow |
release |
fert*" |
OR |
"controlled |
release |
fert*" |
OR |
"controlled-release |
fert*" |
OR |
"enhanced-efficiency |
fert*" |
OR |
"enhanced |
efficiency |
fert*" |
OR |
"improved-efficiency |
fert*" |
OR |
"improved |
efficiency |
fert*" |
OR |
"organic-mineral |
fert*") |
AND |
("meta-analy*" |
OR |
"systematic* |
review*" |
OR |
"evidence |
map" |
OR |
"global |
synthesis" |
OR |
"evidence |
synthesis" |
OR |
"research |
synthesis")) |
Time |
reference | No |
time |
restriction. | |
Databases | Web |
of |
Science |
and |
Scopus: |
run |
on |
6 |
October |
2020 |
Exclusion |
criteria | The |
main |
criteria |
that |
led |
to |
the |
exclusion |
of |
a |
synthesis |
paper |
are: |
|
The |
topic |
of |
the |
meta-analysis |
is |
out |
of |
the |
scope |
of |
this |
review., |
2) |
The |
paper |
is |
neither |
a |
systematic |
review |
nor |
a |
meta-analysis |
of |
primary |
research., |
3) |
The |
analysis |
is |
not |
based |
on |
pairwise |
comparisons, |
4) |
The |
paper |
is |
not |
written |
in |
English., |
5) |
The |
full |
text |
is |
not |
available |
and |
6) |
The |
paper |
has |
as |
control |
"unfertilised |
soil". |
|
search |
returned |
69 |
synthesis |
papers |
from |
WOS |
and |
SCOPUS |
on |
Enhanced |
efficiency |
fertilisers |
plus |
other |
13 |
retrieved |
in |
the |
search |
of |
other |
farming |
practices, |
potentially |
relevant |
for |
the |
practice |
object |
of |
our |
fiche. |
|
the |
59 |
potentially |
relevant |
synthesis |
papers, |
29 |
were |
excluded |
after |
reading |
the |
title |
and |
abstract, |
and |
4 |
after |
reading |
the |
full |
text |
according |
to |
the |
above-mentioned |
criteria. |
Finally, 26 |
synthesis |
papers |
were |
selected. |
5.
...
SYNTHESIS
...
PAPERS
...
INCLUDED
...
IN
...
THE
...
REVIEW
Table
...
4:
...
List
...
of
...
synthesis
...
papers
...
included
...
in
...
this
...
review.
...
More
...
details
...
can
...
be
...
found
...
in
...
the
...
summaries
...
of
...
the
...
meta-analyses.
Ref |
Num | Author(s) | Year | Title | Journal | DOI |
Ref1 | Abdo, |
AI, |
Shi, |
D, |
Li, |
J, |
Yang, |
T, |
Wang, |
X, |
Li, |
H, |
Abdel-Hamed, |
EMW, |
Merwad, |
ARMA, |
Wang, |
L | 2021 | Ammonia |
emission |
from |
staple |
crops |
in |
China |
as |
response |
to |
mitigation |
strategies |
and |
agronomic |
conditions: |
Meta-analytic |
study | JOURNAL |
OF |
CLEANER |
PRODUCTION, |
279 |
(10), |
123835. | 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123835 |
Ref2 | Mazzetto, |
AM; |
Styles, |
D; |
Gibbons, |
J; |
Arndt, |
C; |
Misselbrook, |
T; |
Chadwick, |
D | 2020 | Region-specific |
emission |
factors |
for |
Brazil |
increase |
the |
estimate |
of |
nitrous |
oxide |
emissions |
from |
nitrogen |
fertiliser |
application |
by |
21% | ATMOSPHERIC |
ENVIRONMENT, |
230, |
117506. | 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117506 |
Ref3 | Sha, |
ZP; |
Ma, |
X; |
Wang, |
JX; |
Lv, |
TT; |
Li, |
QQ; |
Misselbrook, |
T; |
Liu, |
XJ | 2020 | Effect |
of |
N |
stabilizers |
on |
fertilizer-N |
fate |
in |
the |
soil-crop |
system: |
A |
meta-analysis | AGRICULTURE |
ECOSYSTEMS |
& |
ENVIRONMENT, |
290, |
106763. | 10.1016/j.agee.2019.106763 |
Ref4 | Ti, |
CP; |
Xia, |
LL; |
Chang, |
SX; |
Yan, |
XY | 2019 | Potential |
for |
mitigating |
global |
agricultural |
ammonia |
emission: |
A |
meta-analysis | ENVIRONMENTAL |
POLLUTION, |
245, |
141-148. | 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.124 |
Ref5 | Fan, |
XP; |
Yin, |
C; |
Yan, |
GC; |
Cui, |
PY; |
Shen, |
Q; |
Wang, |
Q; |
Chen, |
H; |
Zhang, |
N; |
Ye, |
MJ; |
Zhao, |
YH; |
Li, |
TQ; |
Liang, |
YC | 2018 | The |
contrasting |
effects |
of |
N-(n-butyl) |
thiophosphoric |
triamide |
(NBPT) |
on |
N2O |
emissions |
in |
arable |
soils |
differing |
in |
pH |
are |
underlain |
by |
complex |
microbial |
mechanisms | SCIENCE |
OF |
THE |
TOTAL |
ENVIRONMENT, |
642, |
155-167. | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.356 |
Ref6 | Jenkins, |
TA; |
Randhawa, |
P; |
Jenkins, |
V | 2018 | How |
well |
do |
fertilizer |
enhancers |
work? | JOURNAL |
OF |
PLANT |
NUTRITION, |
41(7), |
832-845. | 10.1080/01904167.2018.1426018 |
Ref7 | Rose, |
TJ; |
Wood, |
RH; |
Rose, |
MT; |
Van |
Zwieten, |
L | 2018 | A |
re-evaluation |
of |
the |
agronomic |
effectiveness |
of |
the |
nitrification |
inhibitors |
DCD |
and |
DMPP |
and |
the |
urease |
inhibitor |
NBPT | AGRICULTURE |
ECOSYSTEMS |
& |
ENVIRONMENT, |
252, |
69-73. | 10.1016/j.agee.2017.10.008 |
Ref8 | Eagle, |
AJ; |
Olander, |
LP; |
Locklier, |
KL; |
Heffernan, |
JB; |
Bernhardt, |
ES | 2017 | Fertilizer |
Management |
and |
Environmental |
Factors |
Drive |
N2O |
and |
NO3 |
Losses |
in |
Corn: |
A |
Meta-Analysis | SOIL |
SCIENCE |
SOCIETY |
OF |
AMERICA |
JOURNAL, |
81(5), |
1191-1202. | 10.2136/sssaj2016.09.0281 |
Ref9 | Gao, |
WL; |
Man, |
XM | 2017 | Evaluation |
of |
the |
Agronomic |
Impacts |
on |
Yield-Scaled |
N2O |
Emission |
from |
Wheat |
and |
Maize |
Fields |
in |
China | SUSTAINABILITY, |
9(7), |
1201. | 10.3390/su9071201 |
Ref10 | Li, |
T; |
Zhang, |
W; |
Yin, |
J, |
Chadwick, |
D; |
Norse, |
D; |
Lu, |
Y; |
Liu, |
X; |
Chen, |
X; |
Zhang, |
F; |
Powlson, |
D; |
Dou, |
Z | 2017 | Enhanced-efficiency |
fertilizers |
are |
not |
a |
panacea |
for |
resolving |
the |
nitrogen |
problem | GLOBAL |
CHANGE |
BIOLOGY, |
24(2), |
e511-e521. | 10.1111/gcb.13918 |
Ref11 | Liu, |
SW; |
Lin, |
F; |
Wu, |
S; |
Ji, |
C; |
Sun, |
Y; |
Jin, |
YG; |
Li, |
SQ; |
Li, |
ZF; |
Zou, |
JW | 2017 | A |
meta-analysis |
of |
fertilizer-induced |
soil |
NO |
and |
combined |
NO+N2O |
emissions | GLOBAL |
CHANGE |
BIOLOGY, |
23(6), |
2520-2532. | 10.1111/gcb.13485 |
Ref12 | Silva, |
AGB; |
Sequeira, |
CH; |
Sermarini, |
RA; |
Otto, |
R | 2017 | Urease |
Inhibitor |
NBPT |
on |
Ammonia |
Volatilization |
and |
Crop |
Productivity: |
A |
Meta-Analysis | AGRONOMY |
JOURNAL, |
109(1), |
1-13. | 10.2134/agronj2016.04.0200 |
Ref13 | Xia, |
LL; |
Lam, |
SK; |
Chen, |
DL; |
Wang, |
JY; |
Tang, |
Q; |
Yan, |
XY | 2017 | Can |
knowledge-based |
N |
management |
produce |
more |
staple |
grain |
with |
lower |
greenhouse |
gas |
emission |
and |
reactive |
nitrogen |
pollution? |
A |
meta-analysis | GLOBAL |
CHANGE |
BIOLOGY, |
23, |
1917–1927. | 10.1111/gcb.13455 |
Ref14 | Abalos, |
D; |
Jeffery, |
S; |
Drury, |
CF; |
Wagner-Riddle, |
C | 2016 | Improving |
fertilizer |
management |
in |
the |
US |
and |
Canada |
for |
N2O |
mitigation: |
Understanding |
potential |
positive |
and |
negative |
side-effects |
on |
corn |
yields | AGRICULTURE |
ECOSYSTEMS |
& |
ENVIRONMENT, |
221, |
214-221. | 10.1016/j.agee.2016.01.044 |
Ref15 | Feng, |
JF; |
Li, |
FB; |
Deng, |
AX; |
Feng, |
XM; |
Fang, |
FP; |
Zhang, |
WJ | 2016 | Integrated |
assessment |
of |
the |
impact |
of |
enhanced-efficiency |
nitrogen |
fertilizer |
on |
N2O |
emission |
and |
crop |
yield | AGRICULTURE |
ECOSYSTEMS |
& |
ENVIRONMENT, |
231, |
218-228. | 10.1016/j.agee.2016.06.038 |
Ref16 | Gilsanz, |
C; |
Baez, |
D; |
Misselbrook, |
TH; |
Dhanoa, |
MS; |
Cardenas, |
LM | 2016 | Development |
of |
emission |
factors |
and |
efficiency |
of |
two |
nitrification |
inhibitors, |
DCD |
and |
DMPP. | AGRICULTURE, |
ECOSYSTEM |
& |
ENVIRONMENT, |
216, |
1-8. | 10.1016/j.agee.2015.09.030 |
Ref17 | Huang, |
S; |
Lv, |
WS; |
Bloszies, |
S; |
Shi, |
QH; |
Pan, |
XH; |
Zeng, |
YJ | 2016 | Effects |
of |
fertilizer |
management |
practices |
on |
yield-scaled |
ammonia |
emissions |
from |
croplands |
in |
China: |
A |
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CROPS |
RESEARCH, |
192, |
118-125. | 10.1016/j.fcr.2016.04.023 |
Ref18 | Pan, |
BB; |
Lam, |
SK; |
Mosier, |
A; |
Luo, |
YQ; |
Chen, |
DL | 2016 | Ammonia |
volatilization |
from |
synthetic |
fertilizers |
and |
its |
mitigation |
strategies: |
A |
global |
synthesis | AGRICULTURE, |
ECOSYSTEMS |
& |
ENVIRONMENT, |
232, |
283-289. | 10.1016/j.agee.2016.08.019 |
Ref19 | Thapa, |
R; |
Chatterjee, |
A; |
Awale, |
R; |
McGranahan, |
DA; |
Daigh, |
A | 2016 | Effect |
of |
Enhanced |
Efficiency |
Fertilizers |
on |
Nitrous |
Oxide |
Emissions |
and |
Crop |
Yields: |
A |
Meta-analysis | SOIL |
SCIENCE |
SOCIETY |
OF |
AMERICA |
JOURNAL, |
80(5), |
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Ref20 | Yang, |
M; |
Fang, |
YT; |
Sun, |
D; |
Shi, |
YL | 2016 | Efficiency |
of |
two |
nitrification |
inhibitors |
(dicyandiamide |
and |
3, |
4-dimethypyrazole |
phosphate) |
on |
soil |
nitrogen |
transformations |
and |
plant |
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a |
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22075. | 10.1038/srep22075 |
Ref21 | Qiao, |
C.; |
Liu, |
L.; |
Hu, |
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Compton, |
JA.; |
Greaver, |
TL.; |
Li, |
Q. | 2015 | How |
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affects |
nitrogen |
cycle |
and |
reduces |
environmental |
impacts |
of |
anthropogenic |
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Ref22 | Decock, |
C | 2014 | Mitigating |
Nitrous |
Oxide |
Emissions |
from |
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Cropping |
Systems |
in |
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Midwestern |
US: |
Potential |
and |
Data |
Gaps | ENVIRONMENTAL |
SCIENCE |
& |
TECHNOLOGY, |
48(8), |
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Schraml, |
M; |
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Li, |
F; |
Schmidhalter, |
U | 2013 | Influence |
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inhibitors |
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of |
arable |
crops: |
A |
meta-analysis |
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Germany. | INTERNATIONAL |
JOURNAL |
OF |
PLANT |
PRODUCTION, |
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Ref24 | Kim, |
DG; |
Saggar, |
S; |
Roudier, |
P | 2012 | The |
effect |
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ammonia |
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in |
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meta-analysis. | NUTRIENT |
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AGROECOSYSTEMS, |
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Adviento-Borbe, |
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Pittelkow, |
CM; |
van |
Kessel, |
C; |
van |
Groenigen, |
KJ | 2012 | Fertilizer |
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practices |
and |
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A |
quantitative |
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and |
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CROPS |
RESEARCH, |
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Yan, |
XY; |
Yagi, |
K | 2010 | Evaluation |
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of |
enhanced-efficiency |
fertilizers |
as |
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Disclaimer:
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assess
...
farming
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...
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Glob
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Change
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Biol.
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2018;
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24:
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e511–
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e521.
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https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13918
...
Thapa,
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R.,
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Chatterjee,
...
A.,
...
Awale,
...
R.,
...
McGranahan,
...
D.A.
...
and
...
Daigh,
...
A.
...
(2016),
...
Effect
...
of
...
Enhanced
...
Efficiency
...
Fertilizers
...
on
...
Nitrous
...
Oxide
...
Emissions
...
and
...
Crop
...
Yields:
...
A
...
Meta‐analysis.
...
Soil
...
Science
...
Society
...
of
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America
...
Journal,
...
80:
...
1121-1134.
...
https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2016.06.0179
...
Trenkel,
...
M.E.
...
2010.
...
Slow-
...
and
...
controlled-release
...
and
...
stabilized
...
fertilizers:
...
An
...
option
...
for
...
enhancing
...
nutrient
...
use
...
efficiency
...
in
...
agriculture.
...
2nd
...
ed. Int.Fert.
...
Assoc.,
...
Paris.
...
Chaves,
...
B.,
...
Opoku,
...
A.,
...
De
...
Neve,
...
S.,
...
Boeckx,
...
P.,
...
Van
...
Cleemput,
...
O.,
...
&
...
Hofman,
...
G.
...
(2006).
...
Influence
...
of
...
DCD
...
and
...
DMPP
...
on
...
soil
...
N
...
dynamics
...
after
...
incorporation
...
of
...
vegetable
...
crop
...
residues.
...
Biology
...
and
...
Fertility
...
of
...
Soils,
...
43(1),
...
62-68.
...
Thapa,
...
R.,
...
Chatterjee,
...
A.,
...
Awale,
...
R.,
...
McGranahan,
...
D.A.
...
and
...
Daigh,
...
A.
...
(2016),
...
Effect
...
of
...
Enhanced
...
Efficiency
...
Fertilizers
...
on
...
Nitrous
...
Oxide
...
Emissions
...
and
...
Crop
...
Yields:
...
A
...
Meta‐analysis.
...
Soil
...
Science
...
Society
...
of
...
America
...
Journal,
...
80:
...
1121-1134.
...
https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2016.06.0179